PA1-725 detects transducin beta (T beta) from sheep, bovine, mouse and drosophila.
PA1-725 has been successfully used in Western blot procedures. By Western blot, this antibody detects an ~37 kDa protein representing Tr beta from sheep and bovine retinal and optic nerve extracts as well as mouse eye samples and drosophila.
The PA1-725 immunizing peptide corresponds to amino acid residues 8-25 from human Tr beta. This sequence is completely conserved between human, amphibian, bovine and rat. PA1-725 immunizing peptide (Cat. # PEP-154) is available for use in neutralization and control experiments.
Figure 1 shows a Western blot of Tr beta on sheep retinal extracts using PA1-725. |
Vision involves the conversion of light into electrochemical signals that are processed by the retina and subsequently sent to and interpreted by the brain. The process of converting light into an electrochemical signal begins when the membrane-bound protein, rhodopsin, absorbs light within the retina. Photoexcitation of rhodopsin causes the cytoplasmic surface of the protein to become catalytically active. In the active state, rhodopsin activates transducin, a GTP binding protein. Once activated, transducin promotes the hydrolysis of cGMP by phosphodiesterase (PDE). The decrease of intracellular cGMP concentration causes the ion channels within the outer segment of the rod or cone to close, thus causing membrane hyperpolarization and, eventually, signal transmission. Rhodopsin activity is believed to be shut off by phosphorylation followed by binding of the soluble protein, arrestin.
Transducin, once activated by rhodopsin, promotes the hydrolysis of cGMP by PDE. The subunit composition of transducin differs between different photoreceptor cells. Rod transducin consists of rod transducin alpha (Tr alpha), T beta, and T gamma. Cone transducin is composed of cone transducin alpha (Tc alpha), T beta and T gamma. Differential transducin subunit composition of transducin is believed to be responsible for the different light sensitivities between photoreceptive cells. |
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